Noun Clause

NOUN CLAUSE

Getting started

I like the Harry Potter Series. I think that they’re brilliantly written and are great books for children and adults. My brother told me that he enjoyed reading them very much.

The first movie, Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone, didn’t fail to amize me. To my surprise, what I was seeing matched a lot of the things that I had read in the book, and that made the movie even better.

After seeing the movie, I want to know who the cats is. I think they are amazing and unbelievable considering their age. I believe we’ll see a lot out of them in the future.

o   Function and Form

	As a subject	As an object
Noun Phrase	The Harry Potter books are all about imagination.	I loved the first movie
Noun Clause	What I saw mathed with the things in the book.	I think (that) they’re brilliantly written

A noun clause is used :

^  After verbs of mental state, such as believe, feel, know, pretend, show, complain, find out, learn, realize, suppose, decide, forget, regret, think, dream, hope, remember, think, dream, understand, and expect.

I believe that all people are good.

^ To include a question in a statement.

I don’t know what he does.

^ To report what someone has said or asked.

He said that he would take a long leave the following month. He asked me what he should take to Surabaya.

o   Begin with That

Statement	Noun Clause
He is a good manager.	o   I think that he is a good manager. o   I don’t think that he is a good manager	o   The world that, when it introduce a noun clause, has no meaning in it self. It simply marks the beginning of the clause. o   The word that can be omitted
The world is round.	o   We know that the world is round. o   We are not sure that the world is round.
She doesn’t understand spoken English.	o   That she doesn’t understand spoken English is obvious o   It is obvious that she doesn’t understand spoken English	o   The word that is not omitted when it introduce a noun clause used as the subject of a sentence. o   More commonly, the word it functions as the subject, and the noun clause is placed at the end of a sentence.
The world is round.	o   That the world is round is a fact o   It is a fact that the world is round

o    

Begin with whether or if

When a yes/no question is changed to a noun clause, whether or if is used to introduce the clause. Whether is more acceptable in formal English, but if is quite commonly used, especially in speaking.

Yes/No Question	Noun Clause
Will she be accepted?	o   I don’t know whether/if she will be accepted	o   Do not use question word order in a noun clause. In a noun clause, the subject goes before the verb.
Has he come yet?	o   I want to know whether/if he has come yet
Does he need help?	o   I wonder whether/if he needs helps	o   Does did, and do are used in question but not in clause

^ Notice the alternative patterns when or not is used.

I wonder if she will be accepted or not. I wonder whether she will be accepted or not. I wonder whether or not she will be accepted.

^ Notice that the noun clause is in the subject position.

Whether she will be accepted or not is not important to my department.

Ø  Begin with wh words

Question	Noun clause
o   Where does she live? o   What did he say?	o   I don’t know where she lives. o   I couldn’t hear what he said	The word order after the wh word is like in a statement.
o   Who lives there? o   What happened?	o   I don’t know who lives there. o   Please tell me what happened	The word order is same in both the question and the noun clause because who and what are the subject in both.
o   Who is she? o   Whose house is that?	o   I don’t know who lives there o   Please tell me what happened	The subject of the question is placed in front of the verb be in the noun clause
o   What should they do?	o   What they should do is abvious	A noun clause subject takes a singular verb (e.g. is).

By created :

Nasywa Zachra Albanna

NOUN CLAUSE

1.    how pat is filling today?

jawb : 1. I don’t know how pat feelings today

2.    why did they leave the country is a secret ?

jwb: I wonder why they left the country is a secret

3.    is there life on other planets?

jwb: I don’t know their lifes on other planets

4       did you leave your dictionary at libary?

jwb:. Whether you left your dictionary at the library or not I don’t know

5.    does it belong to you?

jwb:. I wonder whether or not it belongs to you

YES/NO QUESTION PAKAI WHETEHER / IF

NOUN CLAUSES 

Noun clause adalah cClause yang digunakan sebagai pengganti noun atau berfungsi sebagai noun (kata benda. Noun clause dalam kalimat pada umumnya digunakan sebagai subject dan object kalimat.

Noun clause dapat diawali oleh:

• Question word atau relative pronoun baik berupa single question word maupun phrase:
• Single question word (i.e. when, how, what, ect.).
• Question word + determiner/ noun/ adjective / adverb.
• Question word + infinitive.
• Conjunction (i.e. whether dan if).
• That atau the fact that.

Sehingga pola dari noun clause adalah:

Question word/conjunction/that + subject + verb + …

A. Noun Clauses diawali dengan Question words

Dalam How to Address Questions sudah dibahas tentang penggunaan kata tanya baik dalam membuat information questions maupun dalam membuat embedded questions.  Embedded questions tersebut adalah noun clause. Dalam section ini diberikan contoh tambahan untuk merefresh memori anda.

1. Single question words.

Contoh:

1. Where she is now is still unknown.
2. When they arrive is still uncertain.
3. I know what you did last summer and I still know what you did last summer are two Hollywood movies starred by Jennifer Love Hewitt. Perhatikan: dalam kalimat ini, noun clause what you did last summer menjadi object dari I know dan I still know, dan setelah digabung dengan: are two Hollywood movies starred by Jennifer Love Hewitt, menjadi subject majemuk dari kalimat.

Noun clause dapat ditempatkan diawal kalimat (sebagai subject) atau sebagai object. Jika anda ingin merubah posisi noun clause dari subject kalimat menjadi object kalimat, biasanya dibutuhkan pronoun it atau sedikit modifikasi kata. Contoh di atas menjadi:

1. It is still unknown where she is now.
2. Do you know when they arrive?
3. Two Hollywood movies starred by Jennifer Love Hewitt are I know what you did last summer and I still know what you did last summer. Karena merupakan judul movies, noun clause what you did last summer tidak perlu diputar posisinya.

Note:

a) Clause yang diawali oleh question words tertentu (i.e. when, whenever, where) juga dapat berfungsi sebagai adverbial clause.

Contoh:

1. I was reading a book when the phone rang.
2. I went to where I and my ex girlfriend had been last weekend.
3. I suddenly get nausea whenever I see his face. (nausea = mual/mau muntah).

Contoh yang lain dapat dibaca di topik: Conjunctions.

b). Clause yang diawali oleh question words tertentu (i.e. who, whom, whose + noun) juga dapat berfungsi sebagai adjective clause. Dalam hal ini, kata tanya tersebut sebenarnya adalah relative pronoun. Well, jangan terlalu dipusingkan dengan istilah. Yang penting anda mengerti pola/struktur kalimatnya. Tapi, jika anda penasaran, silakan baca topic adjective clauses.

Contoh:

1. I think you whom Mr. Dodi was looking for. (Saya kira kamu (orang) yang pak Dodi sedang cari-cari tadi).
2. Mr. Dodi, who is a teacher, was looking for you at school.
3. Rommy, whose book was stolen last week, just bought another new book yesterday.

Lantas, bagaimana cara membedakan apakah itu noun clause, adverbial clause, atau adjective clause? Jawabannya sederhana. Noun clause dapat digantikan dengan pronoun it, sedangkan adverbial clause dan adjective clause tidak. Noun clause menjawab pertanyaan what dan who/whom; Adverbial clause menjawab pertanyaan when, where, how (termasuk how much, how often, ect), dan why. Adjective clause (i.e. kata sifat yang berbentuk clause) menerangkan noun, dan relative pronounnya (i.e. who, that, ect.) dalam bahasa Indonesia berarti “yang“. Adverbial clauses sudah disinggung pada pembahasan tentang conjunctions. Khusus untuk perbedaan noun clause dan adjective clause dapat dibaca di topik: Perbedaan Noun Clause dan Adjective Clause.

2. Question words + ever/soever

Kecuali how, diakhir question words dapat ditambahkan ever atau soever menjadi whenever = whensoever, whatever= whatsoever, dan seterusnya. Arti ever atau soever di sini sama, yaitu saja/pun, tinggal dikombinasikan dengan kata tanya di depannya. Sedangkan, how+ever menjadi however (i.e. adverb atau juga disebut kata transisi yang berarti namun/walapun demikian) tidak termasuk dalam katagori ini.

Contoh:

1. We will accept whatever you want us to do. (Kami akan menerima/melakukan apa saja yang kamu ingin kami lakukan).
2. Whoever can melt her feeling is a very lucky guy. (melt = meluluhkan). Be careful: guy (dibaca gae)= laki-laki, sedangkan gay (dibaca gei) = fag = homo.
3. She has agreed to wherever the man would bring her. (Dia telah setuju kemanapun pria itu membawanya pergi). Note: in speaking (informal), preposition (dalam hal ini to, etc.) biasanya diletakkan di ujung kalimat. She has agreed wherever the man would bring her to.

3. Question words + nouns

Question words + nouns yang sering digunakan antara lain: what time (jam berapa), what day (hari apa), what time (jam berapa), what kind (jenis apa), what type (tipe apa), whose + nouns (i.e. whose car, whose book, ect.), dan seterusnya.

Contoh:

1. I can’t remember what day we will take the exam.
2. As long as I am faithful, she doesn’t care what type of family I come from. (faithful = setia).
3. Do you know what time it is?
4. I don’t know whose car is parked in front of my house.

4. Question words + adjectives

Question words + adjectives yang sering digunakan antara lain: how long (berapa panjang/lama), how far (berapa jauh), how old (berapa tua/umur), ect.

Contoh:

1. Man! She still looks young. Do you know how old she actually is?
2. I am lost. Could you tell me how far it is from here to the post office?
3. What a jerk. He didn’t even ask how long I had been waiting for him.

5. Question words + determiners.

Question words + determiners yang sering digunakan adalah: how many (berapa banyak) dan  how much (berapa banyak). Remember: how many diikuti oleh plural nouns, sedangkan how much diikuti oleh uncountable nouns.

Contoh:

1. Is there any correlation between how good he or she is in English and how many books he or she has?
2. How much your English skill will improve is determined by how hard you practice.

6. Question words + adverbs.

Question words + adverbs yang sering digunakan adalah: how often (berapa sering), how many times (berapa kali) ect.

Contoh:

1. No matter how often I practice, my English still sucks. (Tidak memandang berapa kali saya latihan, bahasa Inggris saya masih jelek). Suck (informal verb) = jelek/tidak baik; arti suck yang lain: mengisap.
2. I don’t want my parents to know how many times I have left school early. (leave school early = bolos).

7. Question words + infinitives.

Jika question words langsung diikuti oleh infinitives, invinitives tersebut mengandung makna shouldcan/could. Perhatikan bahwa subject setelah question words dihilangkan. atau

Contoh:

1. She didn’t know what to do = She didn’t know what she should do. (Dia tidak tahu apa yang seharusnya dia lakukan).
2. Please tell me how to get the train station from here = Please tell me how I can get the train station from here.
3. We haven’t decided when to go to the beach = We haven’t decided when we should go to the beach.
4. Marry told us where to find her = Marry told us where we could find her.

B. Noun clauses diawali dengan whether/if

Whether bisa diikuti oleh OR/NOT bisa juga tidak; makna kalimat biasanya sama walaupun OR/NOT tidak disebutkan (ini tergantung konteks kalimat). Untuk penggunaan if, selain telah dibahas di topic conjunctions, juga telah dibahas di topic conditionals. Note: whether pelafalannya sama dengan weather (cuaca), tulisannya juga mirip. Be careful, jangan sampai tertukar.

Contoh:

1. I am not sure whether she is coming or not = I am not sure whether or not she is coming = I am not sure whether she is coming. (Saya tidak yakin apakah dia akan datang atau tidak).
2. We can’t decide whether we should go out or stay home. = We can’t decide whether to go or (to) stay home. Perhatikan, infinitives juga dapat digunakan setelah whether.
3. I am not sure whether I should take economics or law after I graduate from high school. (Saya tidak yakin apakah saya harus ngambil Ekonomi atau Hukum setelah lulus SMA nanti).
4. If you take economics, I will take economics. On the other hand, if you take law, I will take law too.

C. Noun clauses diawali dengan that/the fact that

Di sini that berarti bahwa, sedangkan the fact that berarti fakta bahwa. Sedangkan, that dalam adjective clauses berarti yang.

Contoh:

1. That she has had a PhD degree at the age of 20 surprises a lot of people = It surprises a lot of people that she has had a PhD degree at the age of 20.
2. It is the fact that the world is round = the fact that the world is round is well known.
3. It was obvious that she was very sick = The fact that she was very sick was obvious.
4. It seems that it is going to rain soon.

2. Question words + ever/soever
Kecuali how, diakhir question words dapat ditambahkan ever atau soever menjadi whenever = whensoever, whatever= whatsoever, dan seterusnya. Arti ever atau soever di sini sama, yaitu saja/pun, tinggal dikombinasikan dengan kata tanya di depannya. Sedangkan, how+ever menjadi however (i.e. adverb atau juga disebut kata transisi yang berarti namun/walapun demikian) tidak termasuk dalam katagori ini.
Contoh:
1. We will accept whatever you want us to do. (Kami akan menerima/melakukan apa saja yang kamu ingin kami lakukan).
2. Whoever can melt her feeling is a very lucky guy. (melt = meluluhkan). Be careful: guy (dibaca gae)= laki-laki, sedangkan gay (dibaca gei) = fag = homo.
3. She has agreed to wherever the man would bring her. (Dia telah setuju kemanapun pria itu membawanya pergi). Note: in speaking (informal), preposition (dalam hal ini to, etc.) biasanya diletakkan di ujung kalimat. She has agreed wherever the man would bring her to.
3. Question words + nouns
Question words + nouns yang sering digunakan antara lain: what time (jam berapa), what day (hari apa), what time (jam berapa), what kind (jenis apa), what type (tipe apa), whose + nouns (i.e. whose car, whose book, ect.), dan seterusnya.
Contoh:
1. I can’t remember what day we will take the exam.
2. As long as I am faithful, she doesn’t care what type of family I come from. (faithful = setia).
3. Do you know what time it is?
4. I don’t know whose car is parked in front of my house.
4. Question words + adjectives
Question words + adjectives yang sering digunakan antara lain: how long (berapa panjang/lama), how far (berapa jauh), how old (berapa tua/umur), ect.
Contoh:
1. Man! She still looks young. Do you know how old she actually is?
2. I am lost. Could you tell me how far it is from here to the post office?
3. What a jerk. He didn’t even ask how long I had been waiting for him.
5. Question words + determiners.
Question words + determiners yang sering digunakan adalah: how many (berapa banyak) dan how much (berapa banyak). Remember: how many diikuti oleh plural nouns, sedangkan how much diikuti oleh uncountable nouns.
Contoh:
1. Is there any correlation between how good he or she is in English and how many books he or she has?
2. How much your English skill will improve is determined by how hard you practice.
6. Question words + adverbs.